This is very useful.
I once used five transistors in a serial connection like this.
I could almost read my thoughts.
Had to use implement b-e resistors to keep it off.
Has also slow turnoff without them.

The LP324 OpAmp i think i remember has a smart connection of three
transistors that first work like this, then when PNP saturated, if
sufficiently low collector current, there was anither NPN that could
achieve a effective saturation under 0,1V or something.
Anybody know how that trick is done?
/Morgan

At 09:41 1998-07-26 -0400, you wrote:
>Dwayne,
>Have you considered using a Direct Coupled Compound (DCC) arrangement? This
>has the gain advantage of a Darlington, but has only one forward
>diode drop (Vbe drop). A DCC has gain = Beta1*Beta2. The 'device' has the
>characteristics of the input transistor. A disgusting ascii drawing follows.
>
>*****************************************************
>Direct Coupled Compound (DCC). "NPN" Equivalent Shown.
>One Vbe forward diode drop. Gain=Gain_npn*Gain_pnp
>
>             Effective Collector
>                      |
>                      |
>                 PNP  V (E)
>                    |/
>              ------|
>        NPN |/      |\
>Base--------|         | (C)
>            |\        |
>              V       |
>              |       |
>              --------*
>                      |
>                      |
>               Effective Emitter
>
>*******************************************************
>Add this to your 'collection'.
>
>Hope this helps.
>Fr. Tom McGahee
>
>>
>> > Hi!
>> >
>> > I'm looking for recomendations for TO-220 NPN and PNP transistors that
have
>> > moderate current gains at about 1 Amp.  Should be good for at least 40V,
>hfe
>> > greater than 100, reasonably robust.  My old standbys TIP31, TIP32,
TIP41,
>> > TIP42 don't have enough gain and the TIP120 - TIP127 are darlingtons and
>> > have too much voltage drop.  I don't need complimentary pairs so
unmatched
>> > parts are fine.  North American part numbers preferred.  Any thoughts?
>> >
>> > Thanks!
>> >
>> > dwayne
>> >
>> >
>> > Dwayne Reid   <dwayner@planet.eon.net>
>> > Trinity Electronics Systems Ltd    Edmonton, AB, CANADA
>> > (403) 489-3199 voice     (403) 487-6397 fax
>> >
>
>
/  Morgan Olsson, MORGANS REGLERTEKNIK, SE-277 35 KIVIK, Sweden \
\  mrt@iname.com, ph: +46 (0)414 70741; fax +46 (0)414 70331    /