At 01:56 PM 5/8/98 +0100, you wrote: >I think he meant the pin being pulled low either by say a link or >a logic gate, and the pin being used as an input. i.e. it is tristated. >This does not involve shorts. >Register shadowing is needed, because what you read from mixed In/Out >ports is partly incoming data, and thus not the byte you last wrote to >the outgoing data buffer. This can cause screw ups when you re-enable >an input pin as an output pin (for example, as part of a bidirectional >data path). > Well, I understand and agree with you that this is necessary with bi-directional ports, but the whole point of that last message to which I responded was that it was not only necessary in the bi-directional case, but even when a pin remained as just an output! It was that assertion that I was questioning. Sean +--------------------------------+ | Sean Breheny | | Amateur Radio Callsign: KA3YXM | | Electrical Engineering Student | +--------------------------------+ Save lives, please look at http://www.all.org Personal page: http://www.people.cornell.edu/pages/shb7 mailto:shb7@cornell.edu Phone(USA): (607) 253-0315