Ages ago (I've been pretty busy and am only now catching up on my e-mail), Paul Smith wrote: > How does this CRC calculation work? Paul (and anyone else who may be interested): Go to the "Answers" section of my company's web page and search for "CRC"; there's a link there to the best description of CRCs ever written. -Andy Andrew Warren - fastfwd@ix.netcom.com Fast Forward Engineering, Vista, California http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/2499