Worse Case: If the characters are continuous, back to back and with no pattern (and first character unknown), ahhhhhh ---- what in the world are you going to do with this anyway (just kidding)? If this is the case, it's rather difficult to get in sync and determine the baud rate (data better not be critical!). I suppose in that case you have to collect a second or so of data, run a FFT and select the lowest frequency :^)